How to write a review essay
8Th Grade Us History Research Paper Biography Topics
Monday, August 24, 2020
Researched Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
Inquired about Literary Analysis - Essay Example The customary tidy pram shows like flawless scenes, blameless young men, adoring guardians, immaculate tutors, and the security gave by a faultless good request had deteriorated to the situation of some modest and obsolete joke. Conversely, the Bankââ¬â¢s account is set in a relatively grim climate where the adolescents play with firearms and weed, young ladies are presented to sexual maltreatment and sex entertainment, passing and viciousness consistently prowl out of sight and everything at last appears to come down to sex and cash. ââ¬ËRule of the Boneââ¬â¢ gives off an impression of being a grisly parody on the conventional thought of American Dream where the world request is characterized by an expanding white collar class whose well known thought of achievement drifts around vehicles, dish washers and the Sunday mass. Chappie, the hero in ââ¬ËRule of the Boneââ¬â¢, on the off chance that one could consider him a hero in the genuine feeling of the word fits no place in this comfortable world request. Infact the main way he figures out how to penetrate this advanced world is by breaking into a rich familyââ¬â¢s summer house, alongside his companion Russ. Be that as it may, the going with foulness and grime that is by all accounts his destiny before long come to settle around him even in such cleaned quarters. Banks no place in his novel makes a cognizant or intentional endeavor to make his characters affable or attempts to urge out the unguarded compassion of his perusers for his characters (Kak utani 2). The capers of a young person, who has issues with drugs, who places in with brutal bikers who love to club gay people, who breaks trigger upbeat during angry outbursts and dissatisfaction will positively not make a decent sleep time story. However, the incongruity is that Banks never expects his book to be simply one more sleep time story. In actuality, ââ¬ËRule of the Boneââ¬â¢ is a masterpiece that shocks the cognizance of its perusers out of their treasured ideas of what is satisfactory
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Stakeholders
Asset the board In Kenya Is a key perspective that Is seen by different state organs to guarantee they are very much overseen. These assets run from the accessible land for settlement to the as of late found minerals, for example, the oil in Turban locale. The status of these assets is normally surveyed by methods for ethereal photos and Intensive ground jogging. Maps are delivered on GIS condition causing It conceivable to store, to recover and examinations different sorts of data very quickly.The maps along with the digitized data give significant devices to he the executives of the assets both regular and man-made hence giving valuable reviews to arranging, Implementation and observing. This data is fundamental for the administration and other partners who are Involved In the administration, abuse and control of these assets. Land Is one of the distinct advantages that Its administration Is through the selection of the GIS. The procedures of directing and overseeing land in the co urse of the last more than 100 years has fundamentally depended on a paper-based manual system.The several records created have since represented an incredible test, and unendurable to adequately allude to scores and recover them. Thus in this manner, the whole procedure has gotten Inefficient, tedious, inconsistent, prohibitive, occasioned tedium, unapproachable and exorbitant, subverting proficiency and adequacy in administration conveyance by the administration offices that are liable for this procedure. So as to address these overwhelming moves inferable from the inheritance Paper-Base Systems going go Into the 1900, there Is requirement for pay as far as distribution and management.This includes changing over the current land records into computerized records that will be utilized electronically while the paper records are put away into a chronicle. The electronic records will be utilized in everyday exchanges, while the document records are protected and might be utilized as r eference records. As far as land portion and allotting, the Geographic Information System ought to be applied. This will give the precision and it will make the portion procedure to be progressively compelling and cost effective.Land in Kenya is viewed as the most significant resource and It serves a wide scope of exercises running from the cultivating, settlement to being the essential factor of creation for Industries and other preparing organizations. Land has been consistently the argumentative issue since the time the hour of autonomy. The serious issue in Kenya is the absence of an administration plan inferable from absence of solid and exceptional complete land boundary maps. The greater part of the partners don't approach Information on the progressions that have happened In the terrains office in Kenya over timeframe. OFF The point of this proposition is to show how GIS authority can oversee caught and prepared review information concerning land conveyance and allotment ins ide the related association through the improvement of ways to deal with accomplish data that is ââ¬Å"GIs-prepared' and in the end to spread the finished result geopolitical information over the Internet utilizing current geopolitical taking care of innovation by means of every single proper norm. All through the examination the principle destinations can be given as follows: To audit the sort and configuration of crude and handled study and mapping information for the land dissemination which have been put away for a long time?To develop an overview information the board framework to encourage the mix of information and data from crude and prepared review information from various consistent databases and sources utilizing GIS method. To plan a stream line and business as usual to rebuild and change the oversaw study information into GIs-prepared data utilizing contemporary geographic data application and innovation. To build up an on-line geographic data framework to encourage th e conveyance of geopolitical information through the Web to address the issues of corporate Intranet and requests of overall Internet get to. There is requirement for use of remote detecting and GIS innovation in mapping of different territories to show the proper dispersion, allotment and the board of the land. Remote detecting and GIS are progressively utilized worldwide to help with social occasion and investigating pictures procured from airplanes, satellites and even inflatables. The prominent points of interest of utilizing GIS incorporate the capacity to refresh the data quickly, to attempt near investigative work and making this data accessible as required.GIS notwithstanding giving productive information stockpiling and recovery offices likewise offers a less expensive choice of observing area appropriation after some time. The development of Internet access and utilize combined with headways in web facilitated advancements over the previous decade has given additional oppo rtunities to the entrance, conveyance and utilization of geological data framework. (GIS). GIS area has started to perceive the significance and job of the web for the dispersal of spatial data, with numerous GIG innovation merchants presently offering expanded frameworks of Internet Map Server (M'S) to their work area items e. . Curves, Comedic, GE Smallwood AIMS. The advancement of such frameworks has acquainted and featured issues relevant with the utilization of Geographical Information System by means of the web for suitable land circulation and the executives. For the legislature to guarantee it has accomplished its set items as far as land the board and conveyance, there are different activities that have been attracted up to carry the nation closer to that objective. One of these is the e-government activity of utilizing innovation for the improvement of numerous administrations and network of different products.The government ought to guarantee that the information are put away in different consistent databases, information documents and picture records. These datasets ought to have the option to serve networks who utilize geopolitical information and data for organizations and improvements and telnets. There are various applications utilizing GIS innovation utilized in and give practices information as per their capacities; anyway much of the time clients or even associations themselves need different datasets for a specific application. The primary issue that faces the GIS people group these days in Kenya and some creating nations is the missing of geopolitical information and data just as the geopolitical information benefits on the land related issues. A hole exists between looking over principles and rehearses and those in GIS. GIS masters had communicated that looking over network are delayed in accomplishing guide and information item, also costly and incomplete artifacts.They rather produce their own information which don't bargain to the stan dard of convention in which assessors react that customers are mistaken and given for off base standard of information just as guide. This makes misconception and assessors regard might be tested in term of their open strategic work. This psychological contradiction at any rate can be handled by some accessible programming innovation which assessors can undoubtedly fuse their understandings and figurings into GIS databases that serve all segments and applications in an organization.Survey information ought to hence be put away in a GIS situation. End This proposition is expected to disclose how to oversee study datasets on asset the board through the creation of GIs-prepared data utilizing suitable norm and figuring application included. The Government and partners should meet up and authenticity there is need of preparing the master who can deal with GIS and Remote Sensing applications. This will help during arranging, checking and appropriation of the basic assets. Partners As of now, 29 story business towers of GIFT have been finished and the full venture is assessed to be finished by 2017. The reason to manufacture this immense undertaking is to give world class foundation to an expansive scope of account and tech firms from various parts the nation. It will contain Software Technology Parks of India (STEP) units, shopping centers, Special Economic Zone (SEE), incorporated townships, lodgings, stock trade, universal techno park and different help units. (2011) A 50:50 Joint endeavor organization ââ¬Å"Gujarat International Finance Etc-City Company Limitedâ⬠(GIFT) is eating this task for which I am the venture manager.This organization is the Joint endeavor of Government of Gujarat (GO) with its endeavor Gujarat Underdevelopment Company Limited (GUIDED) and International Leasing and Financial Services (IL&FS). (2011) Gujarat Under Development Company constrained (GUID) helps limit building and venture execution. Furthermore, IL&FS joined in 1987 offers monetary types of assistance for the advancement of center foundation territories. Throughout the years IL&FS has expanded its shareholdings including State Bank of India, IRIS Corporation of Japan and ABA Dhabi Investment Authority.The point of this task is to manufacture a CB that will give as a worldview to the following scene class city as far as foundation, personal satisfaction and work. It is planned as a center point for the worldwide budgetary assistance part displaying business orientated development with value. It has the best in class network and transportation get to, along these lines giving a superior personal satisfaction and regarding it as a valuable asset. Blessing would give 5, 00,000 immediate and aberrant Jobs which would require 62 million square feet of land workplaces. This will pull in top ability in the nation who targets living the best nature of life.GIFT is a Financial and Information Technology center point and is intended to be at standard with other world class money related focuses in Tokyo, Paris, London, and so forth (2014) All the best and significant organizations are associated with this undertaking for power, funneled gas, Telecoms, Air molding and all the fundamental necessities of life. The focused on business divisions of GIFT are the financial segments, Asset the board organizations, IT administrations, BOP and KOP administrations. Presently, for this huge
Thursday, July 16, 2020
IThe Difference In Life Expectancy Is Related To A Number Of Heath
IThe Difference In Life Expectancy Is Related To A Number Of Heath IThe Difference In Life Expectancy Is Related To A Number Of Heath Issues, One Being Type 2 Diabetes â" Essay Example > IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization health does not necessary mean the absence of illness or disease but it is the state of absolute physical, social and mental welfare (Australia Institute of Health and Welfare 2007). Eating health, exercising regularly and getting enough sleep play a significant role in disease prevention. However, a good social network, higher self esteem and continued personal growth also play an important role in our overall health. It has been observed that the Aboriginal people face more health difficulties than the other Australians. They have low life expectancy and experience more cases of disability and deteriorating quality of life. In 2003 it was estimated that 95,976 Aboriginal people in Australia suffer from numerous diseases and injuries. This represented 3.6% of the total number of disease and injury in Australia for a class of people that makes up to 2.5% of the total population. They mostly suffered from cardiovascular disease s, diabetes, chronic respiratory, cancer and mental disorders (Australian Institute of health and welfare 2008). This essay will tend to explain the factors which have contributed to the general decline in health among the Aboriginal people and at the end, come up with solutions to these health problems. The primary factors contributing to the decrease in the health of the Aboriginal people are socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors. We are be able to control some of these factors which influence our health and well being where as some are beyond or control capabilities (AIHW 2007). These factors are discussed below in detail; Socioeconomic factorsSocioeconomic factors have significant impact on the health and wellbeing of the Aboriginal people in Australia. Aboriginal people have lower incomes, low rates of employment, high rates of illiteracy and lower rates of home ownership than the other Australians (AIHW 2008). Aboriginal people are socioeconomic ally disadvantaged and so they are likely to engage in health risk behaviors such as smoking and drinking alcohol and violence which make them more vulnerable to certain diseases. For the period 1960-2001, it was estimated that the life expectancy of the Aboriginal people was 59 years for the men and 65 years for the women. This could only correspond to the life expectancy for the Australian men inhabitants in 1901 -1910 and the women inhabitants in 1920-1922 respectively. In contrast, the life expectancy for all Australians for the period 1998-2004 was 77 years for men and 82 years for women. This represented a disparity of almost 17 years (ABS 2006a). Education has impacted negatively on the general health of the Aboriginals. Lower levels of education are linked with lower income and low employment opportunities and vice versa (Raphael 2004). Lowly educated people or the so termed illiterate people have low skills and knowledge to lead a good health lifestyle and are also not in a position to have access to enhanced health care services. Most Aboriginals people are poorly educated and hence suffer from poor health (ABS 2006g). The other socioeconomic factor which impacts on the health of the Aboriginal people is employment. There are low rates of employment among the Aboriginal people (Raphael 2004). There has been higher rate of diseases, disabilities and mortality reported among unemployed people than among employed people (ABS 2006a). This is because unemployed people are not in a position to buy healthy goods and services such as nourishing food, afford a good house and quality health care which makes them suffers poor health. High rates of depression and low self esteem has been recorded among unemployed people due to the psychological and social effects associated with unemployment (AIHW 2007). There is also a strong relationship between occupation and health for those people who are employed. People who work in labor-intensive and jobs which requir e low skills are likely to experience ill health, more disability and higher mortality rates than people in management career (Marmot 2004). Most aboriginal people work in blue collar jobs which involve low skills and are poorly paid. These jobs also expose them to high risks of physical hazards such as collapsing of a quarry or land slides (Raphael 2004).
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Great Gatsby Essay - 702 Words
ââ¬Å"Is Tom most responsible for Gatsbyââ¬â¢s death? Daisy? Myrtle? Gatsby himself? Give reasons why or why not each character is implicated in the murder.â⬠Great Gatsby Essay There are five people that are responsible for Jay Gatsbyââ¬â¢s death. One of them is directly to blame, since he pulled the trigger. The other three were involved in the murder. The one who pulled the trigger was George Wilson. He was in pain because of the murder of his wife. He loved her, and he was completely insane with grief. Wilson thought that Gatsby was Myrtles lover. He said, ââ¬Å"She ran out to speak to him and he wouldnââ¬â¢t stopâ⬠(Fitzgerald 166). This means that Wilson thinks that Myrtle knew the owner of the yellow car. Since Wilson had found outâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I think he realizes that his presumptuous little flirtation is overâ⬠(Fitzgerald 142). Myrtle is the fourth person responsible for Gatsbyââ¬â¢s death. If she was not having an affair with Tom then none of this would have happened. Myrtle was taking advantage of her husbandââ¬â¢s kindness and his lack of intelligence, ââ¬Å"A white ashen dust veiled his dark suit and his pale hair as it veiled everything in the vicinity-except his wife, who moved close to Tomâ⬠(Fitzgerald 30). if her affair with Tom was non-existent then George would not have known who Gatsby was and he might not have shot him to avenge his wifeââ¬â¢s murder. If Myrtle had not run in front of the car that she would still be alive and so would Gatsby. She could have just waited until the next day to see Tom she did not have to run in front of his car. Gatsby himself is the fifth person to blame for his death. If he was not trying to restore his old relationship with Daisy then Tom would not want to get revenge on him. Another reason that Gatsby is responsible for his own death is that forgot everything except Daisy. He did not think about anything except Daisy. He also should not have kept driving after Daisy hit Myrtle. After he pulled the brake he could have gone back to see if Myrtle was alive and to get help for her, ââ¬Å"I tried to make her stop but she couldnââ¬â¢t so I pulled on the emergency brake. Then she fell over into my lap and I drove onâ⬠(Fitzgerald 151) He only threwShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby Essay936 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Great Gatsby Essay By- Happy Bhoombla English- 3A Date-9/28/10 The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a story about a wealthy man named Gatsby. Gatsby lives a luxuriant life in West Egg of New York. Gatsbyââ¬â¢s wealth has an unknown secret because nobody seems to know where his wealth emerged from. Despite of having so much fortune, Gatsbyââ¬â¢s true American dream has not been achieved. In the great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald develops Gatsby as a failed American dream to show theRead More Essay on The Great Gatsby1120 Words à |à 5 PagesEssay on The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel about a man who tries to win over a woman he had lost many years ago. Jay Gatsby is the hero in this novel because he stands out amongst the rich. Unlike the rest of the rich people in this novel Gatsby has moral values, and the rest of them can only grasp things of material value. Gatsby spends his whole life trying to hide the fact that he wasnââ¬â¢t like the others. Gatsby never fits in among them because what he perceives of them is allRead MoreEssay on The Great Gatsby1254 Words à |à 6 PagesIn Class Essay To what extent is The Great Gatsby a moral novel. Discuss. The society our nation lives in today has developed morals and principles through the lessons experienced from the past. The Roaring Twenties was a time of change and a chance to pave a path for the person you wanted to become. Morals and principles served as guidelines rather than rules and were merely preached that practiced. Thus, the severity of the immoral actions taking place created opportunities for lessons to beRead MoreEssay The Great Gatsby2606 Words à |à 11 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby belongs to what Harold Bloom tags the ââ¬Å"tombâ⬠of literary archetypes, a family of fiction that espouses every facet of the expressive use of language (everything from Shakespeareââ¬â¢s plays to Dickensââ¬â¢ prose). As a participant in this tomb, The Great Gatsby has adopted a convenient persona in the world of twentieth century literature as ââ¬Å"the great American novel,â⬠a work that embodies the American thematic ideals of the self-made man, the great AmericanRead More Symbolism in The Great Gatsby Essay867 Words à |à 4 PagesGatsby Essay Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. For example, a dove is usually used to represent peace. In the novel The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Fitzgerald uses a lot of symbolism to connect the characters with each other or to other objects. Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s use of symbolism helps advance his thematic interest in his novel of The Great Gatsby. In the Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses various colors, objectsRead More Materialism in The Great Gatsby Essay1075 Words à |à 5 Pagesduring the 1920s, the setting of F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. That the majority of Americans believe that wealth and happiness are the same is a result of our market economy that encourages consumption and conditions us to think that we need material possessions to be happy. According to Andrew Bard Schmookler, Wealth and human fulfillment have become equated in the predominant ideology of liberal society, even though the great spiritual teachers of humanity have all taught otherwise.Read More Contrasts in the Great Gatsby Essay760 Words à |à 4 PagesTyler Simms Great Gatsby Essay Accelerated English 11 Mrs. Cameron F. Scott Fitzgerald constructed his novel, The Great Gatsby, by sculpting numerous situation and character contrasts together through out the novel to create and deliver a magnificent work of art. Although Fitzgerald contrasted numerous characters and situations through out the novel, there are three that are very pungent; the characters Tom Buchanan and George Wilson and Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson. Not only wereRead More The Great Gatsby Essay1109 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald portrays American society in the 1920ââ¬â¢s after WWI has just ended, a decade of unprecedented economic prosperity. In the book, Fitzgerald critiques the loss of moral values and the degradation of American society, symbolizing it as a ââ¬Å"valley of ashesââ¬âa fantastic farm where . . . ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smokeâ⬠(Fitzgerald 23). Through the characters of the book, Fitzgerald exposes the American dream from behind its d azzling veilRead MoreGreat Gatsby Essay971 Words à |à 4 Pagesmajor part of peopleââ¬â¢s characteristics in the 1920ââ¬â¢s ââ¬Ëeasy moneyââ¬â¢ era because of the great economic boom. During this era, people earned their money by corruption with smuggling alcohol during prohibition. In addition, people earned their money by people unknowingly investing in major stocks. A few people earned their money with hard work; it was mostly made easily for them. Throughout the novel, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the shallowness and hollowness of the upper class isRead MoreEssay on The Great Gatsby1404 Words à |à 6 Pagesnouveaux riches often clashed with the established wealth, as evident throughout F. Scott Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s The Great Gatsby. Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s narrator, Nick Carraway, suddenly finds himself submerged in the paper-thin morals, and shallow values of upper-class New York after migrating from the Western interior. Throughout the novel, Nick is highly cynical of American society. Thus, The Great Gatsby is Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s means of criticizing the worsening family structure of American society, the newfound materialistic
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Donââ¬â¢T You Ever Wish You Know What That Feeling In Your
Donââ¬â¢t you ever wish you know what that feeling in your gut was - or how hard it is to try not to blow up on the slow person walking in front of you in the grocery store, or if your friend is having a bad day but keeps saying ââ¬Å" I m fine, I m fine.â⬠What your friend does not probably realize is that it can affect the people around, might even make your day bad too. What I found really interesting is Emotional Intelligence. If you never heard of emotional intelligence it is the ability to identify your emotions, understand what you feet and others around you, manage good relationships with the people in your everyday life. Howard Gardner said ââ¬Å"Your EQ is the level of your ability to understand other people, what motivates them and how toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Goleman suggests that emotional intelligence has four pieces - self awareness, social awareness, self management and relationship management. Some important elements of emotional intelligence agree that a combination of emotional intelligence and conventional intelligences, such as linguistic, mathematical, scientific to have good qualities of leadership. Having good emotional intelligence usually means you have good self-awareness. Most people even, according to Mind tools article, ââ¬Å"Emotional Intelligence Developing Strong People Skills. Self awareness is the most important part of emotional intelligence. Benefits of having good self-awareness is most times your emotions do not get out of control. If you are good at understanding what you feel, it is usually easier to not let them control you. Having good intuition can sometimes even help having a stronger emotional intelligence. Honestly comes in handy with being aware with yourself. Being aware of what presses your buttons or your areas that have weakness is good, So you can avoid those problems. People with high emotional intelligence most times are confident with themselves, and what they know they feel and trust those feelings. Page 3 Next, major part of emotional intelligence is self- regulation and/or self- management. Which means if someone or something does make you angry or mad or sad you can control what your feeling and say ââ¬Å" hey maybe I need to takeShow MoreRelatedHow Can You Help You?978 Words à |à 4 PagesThere are many things that I needed to say to you that Iââ¬â¢ve never been able to. I donââ¬â¢t know how youââ¬â¢re going to react or what youââ¬â¢re going to think, but itââ¬â¢s gotten to the point where things have gone on as they are long enough. I use the gift for writing to convey messages that I need to get across. If nothing else, know that Iââ¬â¢m shaking uncontrollably as I write this message. I care very deeply for you, Jenny. Itââ¬â¢s something, I havenââ¬â¢t felt for a woman in several years. I canââ¬â¢t put my finger onRead MorePersuasive Essay About Love1171 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Shut upâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Youre so stupidâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Why cant you do anything right?â⬠. These, these are the words I hear every day. These words haunt whats left of my meaning less existence. I wish they cared about what they are doing.How can they be so blind not to see what theyre doing? How can they be so oblivious to the situation? You know it never used to be this way. Once I was happy, and they were too. Before I was born my grandmother told me stories of how they were so in love and how they couldnt standRead MoreEssay On Why I Think You Think I DonT Want To Date You1061 Words à |à 5 PagesWhy I think you Think I dont want to date you And Why Your not ready To date Me. If you read this we will Never be the same again. At the end of the day your reason or reasons are yours and yours alone But if it makes you happy ill play along. My personal appearence: In the back of my mind theres always the thought of you dont want to be with me because im either too black or too fat. One is something that can be changed and the other cant be but theres also the mind set of you thinking aboutRead MoreMy Best Friend Essay1044 Words à |à 5 PagesFREE Have you ever lost a really good friend or a best friend? Ever want to speak up, but you didnââ¬â¢t? Last year I was that person. The girl that didnââ¬â¢t really have any other friends, but you wanted to. In the story, I am not going to say the girls name for her privacy and her privacy only. I wish I had spoken up sooner then I had. Before this had happened, I was in a really bad place. I was really depressed most the time, but I acted like everything was okay. I put on a smile like people put onRead MoreI Can t Not Just Because Essay936 Words à |à 4 PagesI wonââ¬â¢t ever find someone who makes me feel the way I did for you. Itââ¬â¢s stupid, my way of thinking. Iââ¬â¢m still stupid enough to keep harboring these feelings for you, and thatââ¬â¢s my problem. How am I supposed to move on when everything I see and do reminds me of you? Iââ¬â¢m so fucked in the head. The most ironic thing of all is that I think this will be the most difficult breakup I will ever go through, and we never even went out. I can truthfully say that I have loved every moment with you to theRead MoreMy Memories Of My Life Essay1740 Words à |à 7 PagesMy grandpa showed me that life is too short and to always be there for family no matter what happens. Death is really hard to get over for a lot of people. Most people look shocked and donââ¬â¢t have anything to talk about afterward. When I was six years old I lost a special person in my life. The feeling of losing a loved one is very hard to get through. The day I found out that my grandpa had died it was one of the saddest moments in my life. It hurt me because I miss him so much since he passed awayRead MoreA Letter About The Letter1264 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Å"You should read the letter.â⬠Colleen said as she opened the door to her motel room, closer to where Maison had parked then Maisonââ¬â¢s room. ââ¬Å"You might change your mind about him deserving better.â⬠ââ¬Å"You read a personal letter?â⬠Maison was offended, the battered letter tucked into their pocket. They would never read something so personal if it was left in their care, well, if Sam had asked them not to. They may be nosey, but there was a line that needed to be drawn. ââ¬Å"I didnââ¬â¢t read it, but I talkedRead MoreI Am Writing The Entire Thing1553 Words à |à 7 PagesIââ¬â¢m writing you this letter and I want you to read the entire thing. I figured that I should write this instead of tell you because Iââ¬â¢d probably forget things if I was talking and we would probably end up arguing. I feel like lately all of our conversations are very aggressive and not actually conversations. Also, I feel like whenever I try to really express what Iââ¬â¢m feeling and you donââ¬â¢t agree with it, you shut me down. I donââ¬â¢t know if you realize that you do it, but you do and it hurts and makesRead More The Idea Of Romantic Love Essay1200 Words à |à 5 Pagesbrought up on romantic love. Is this true in your experience? If so write a paper on which you first define this amorphous concept and then discuss how you came about it. For eg. Have you been influenced by media, T.V., movies in particular. Conclude by stating whether you believe i n romantic love or have cast of the idea. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t care what you think, when he comes Iââ¬â¢ll leave and wonââ¬â¢t even turn back and look at you, heââ¬â¢ll love me, he wonââ¬â¢t be like youâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ Words spoken by me when I was barely 10 yearsRead MoreSo Much Social Networking Essay574 Words à |à 3 Pagessites available to us. Some we probably donââ¬â¢t even know about, while new ones are in the process of getting made. The most popular ones that we all use to present day, in no particular order, are Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest, and maybe many more, but the one I want to talk about in this essay is my favorite one of all, Tumblr. Some of us might have a Tumblr account; some of us probably donââ¬â¢t even know what Tumblr is. Well, I would be delighted to tell you. Tumblr is a social networking site and
Sup Wumpy Free Essays
Prompt 2: According to the slide show I have developed an interest in many different foods and would like to try all of them except for the cinnamon. Cinnamon kills people. Cinnamon is too small for the human body to swallow and when trying to do it you choke to death, hence the ââ¬Å"cinnamon challenge. We will write a custom essay sample on Sup Wumpy or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠Otherwise I have no interest in any of the other foods on that list. There is one food, however, that I absolutely adore. Back in the old days my family always loved to go out for dinner. No matter what, it was what always happened. In fact one time I went to Dennyââ¬â¢s and got a free shirt and meal because I went there almost every day. Dennyââ¬â¢s isnââ¬â¢t just a place to eat. For me it is a way of life. Iââ¬â¢m not the only one either. Tons of friends love Dennyââ¬â¢s as much as I and sometimes we party together at Dennyââ¬â¢s. Every time I go I order a grandslamwich with a side of hash browns and lemonade. It all tastes so sweet and delicious and savory that I almost never know when to stop eating. Sometimes when I order I just say the usual and everyone knows exactly what to get. It wasnââ¬â¢t always like that though. My dad, back in his youth, had always ordered me a grandslamwich even though I never liked it but after some time I grew attached to the mouthwatering treat. I would go to sleep every night with my window open and I would stare at the twinkling balls of light hiding up in the beautiful night skyâ⬠¦. wondering when the next encounter would happenâ⬠¦ the encounter with the restaurant of the gods. Now that I grow older and wiser, I realize that Dennyââ¬â¢s does have some drawbacks. I assume that since Dennyââ¬â¢s has no superior in the restaurant business, it cannot be all hugs and kisses, without even knowing anything about this I can prove it. Newtonââ¬â¢s third Law States that ââ¬Å"Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. â⬠Therefore Dennyââ¬â¢s cannot be simply amazing in every way. I did some research on this subject and found out that a grandslamwich is about 1500 calories. This is about the size of three big macs. That explains a lot since a big mac basically bows down at the feet of the almighty GRANDSLAMWICH!!! No matter what a grandslamwich will always be my favorite food. Prompt 4: Potato starch contains resistant starch,à and may be helpful in preventing colon cancer. According to this article, the potato actually has a very large effect on cancer, which I had assumed that it did. Potatoes are a staple in diets all over the world and it seems that they can even help prevent cancer! This is a very logical fact. Potatoes are as old as time itself and are especially important in the diet of the average American diet. If potatoes caused cancer a lot more people would be dead than just those who have already been unlucky enough to fall victim to this atrocity of diseases. Who ever thought about writing an article about this was a very deep thinker to ask whether or not potatoes of all things cause cancer. This was very interesting nevertheless even though I had started out expecting it to be terribly and agonizingly boring. Also if potatoes had vitamins in them (or whatever) that caused cancer, wouldnââ¬â¢t they be cooked out like the alcoholic content in cooking or even the vitamins that help prevent it? In the great words of Biff ââ¬Å"Cââ¬â¢mon think McFly think! â⬠(If you donââ¬â¢t get the reference you are dead to me. ) There is a reason that potatoes help prevent cancer, the reason being Potato starch contains resistant starch. Resistant starch helps maintain healthy digestion and may be helpful in preventing colon cancer. Bacteria in the colon ferments resistant starches and produces short-chain fatty acids one of them being Butyrate. Butyrate also has anti-tumor effects because it seems to inhibit tumor cell development and causes tumor cell differentiation and cell death in colorectal cancer cells. How to cite Sup Wumpy, Essay examples
Saturday, April 25, 2020
Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi Municipality
The Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi: current strategic position The Spatial Data Division is part of a department responsible for Abu Dhabiââ¬â¢s municipal planning. In a nutshell, our office/division knows where the city is going in terms of plans, prospects and strategies for the future. Private individuals and organisations are some of the customers. This planning office has to provide internal innovations in order to effectively serve its customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi Municipality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This office receives many data requests from customers (ordinary citizens, individual landowners, developers, private contractors, etc.) for certain projects or for businesses pertaining to land use. The divisionââ¬â¢s database is a depository of spatial maps, charts, statistics and valuable data and information ready for dissemination to citiz ens upon request. The process is the divisionââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"building blockâ⬠and intangible asset which is weakening and needs improvement. Figure 1 Functional chart of Spatial Data Division under the Abu Dhabi Town Planning Sector This office offers several services ranging from issuance of documents containing data and information, maps and satellite pictures to land examination / investigation and surveying. Activities for the staff include planning, investigations of lands for ownership, and other spatial matters. The information and data are voluminous, as they include present information and background, which may be in the form of statistics, charts, maps, and so on.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Information and data include land ownership, references, histories / backgrounds of lands in question, and any valuable information that may have been inputted befor e but which are significant in planning and creating a built environment (Department of Municipal Affairs: Abu Dhabi city municipality 2014). Important database contents include planning maps, aerial photographs and satellite images with their corresponding data and information, coordinates of lands, landmarks, and built environment, lands under litigations, and much more. Histories of lands are very important in building new structures, or in determining the usability of such lands. The voluminous information is also part of the Geographic Information Systems database that may be formulated for plans and strategies of government agencies concerned. Soft and hard copies of the information, such as maps, charts, and other forms, are available upon request. GIS is still in the process of application and may be fully operational sometime in the near future. There are many inputs coming from studies, researches, field inspections / investigations, representations, essays and narratives of histories or backgrounds of the different areas and sites within the Abu Dhabi municipality. Aspects of Operation Management The 4 Vs analysis Volume The Spatial Data Division has high volume of output. Tasks are repeated and the application of technology (GIS) can make the process fast and answerable to the demand. Researchers and investigators provide researches, papers and documents. Aside from words and numbers, the database contents are replete with aerial and satellite photographs. The staff retrieves these copies and photographs upon request from customers, and they are doing it over and over. Inputs are high and demands from customers are also high.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi Municipality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Variety There is high variety with many activities. Skills nd technology are needed, because staffs have to perform several tasks like inspect ion, investigation, and many other inputs. Activities include retrieving data from the organisationââ¬â¢s database per the customersââ¬â¢ requests. Once these are retrieved from the database, the data and information are contained in a document. Teams also conduct inspections and land surveys. Data and statistics are some of the inputs. Variation Demand is predictable and constant. Resources are provided and can address the demand. Requests can be granted easily because the staff members are skilled in browsing the contents of the database. The members were trained how to retrieve data and print a hard copy. The members can predict the customersââ¬â¢ demand. They know what the customers want and how to meet their demands. Visibility How much of the copies will the customers really see? First, the customer will only be able to see a hard copy (document on a piece of paper) or digital copy (CD or USB). But the database which is contained in a software and computer cannot be s een by the customer. The process of requesting from the time the customer fills up the form may be seen and experienced by the customer. In other words, the customers experience the waiting time and delay of the request process. Figure 2 4à Vs Analysis for Spatial Data DivisionAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The chart (4Vs analysis) shows that services are declining, with high demands from customers. There is low repetition and high unit cost because some personnel are doing one job repetitively. If this office can add technology, there will be high volume efficiency and the problem of low speed can be solved (Slack et al. 2013). Self-service are low volume in as much as this is not yet offered or not available. Demands are always high while service is low. Five performance objectives for the Spatial Data Division Quality Copies contain all necessary data and information per customersââ¬â¢ requests; contents are quality oriented Speed Total time customers wait; short waiting time Dependability (Trustworthiness) Keeping the customers asking for more Flexibility All requests are considered Costs The lowest fees Quality is the foundation of any organisation. Quality of service and quality of the contents of the requested copies from the organisationââ¬â¢s database are s ignificant in the transaction. Quality does not only mean conformance to customersââ¬â¢ requests but it also refers to the accuracy and reliability of the contents, the data and the maps (Beyond.UK: big five 2013). Speed refers to ââ¬Ëjust being fastââ¬â¢, meaning, the time the requests are made to the time the ââ¬Ëproductââ¬â¢ (data and maps) is received by the customer. Speed is a prime concern of the division I am in, but speed has remained a goal in as much as change is difficult to introduce. Change has to deal with culture and tradition which are ingrained in the people. Political will is also a concern. Dependability (trustworthiness) means the division is on time in the delivery of service, and customers keep coming back because they feel and know that their requests will be addressed to. Flexibility in the Divisionââ¬â¢s operations means how it can answer to the requirements of the requests even if it requires too much work for the staff, or change the pro cedure to conform to the request. Costs should be the lowest expense for the customers since this office is for public service, but the value of the service must be the highest. Figure 3 Polar diagram for a three-year series My personal survey for this office is that the Divisionââ¬â¢s performance has been declining for the three-year series, with respect to the five areas of performance objectives: ââ¬Ëquality, speed, dependability, flexibility, and costsââ¬â¢. However, quality has always been top priority as it got high percentage for the different periods. In summary, the division needs overhaul (changes and innovations to make service better) in order to improve the organisational performance and meet clientsââ¬â¢ specifications and requests. Analysis of the organisationââ¬â¢s current strategy The current strategy needs innovations and changes. It is not clear when this method was started, although we can quickly surmise that this has been the case ever since the Spatial Data Division was established to answer to the needs of customers wanting spatial data, along with pictures and maps. The database has been established and it is undeniable that it is very valuable to private individuals and business people. As always been stated here, culture and tradition influenced how systems work and are worked out. The usual problem in our division is the long process and the delay in addressing the many requests from the customers. The process is repetitive and can be considered traditional and time-consuming, at risk of corruption and red tape. Our aim of speed of delivery has long been a goal but cannot be fully accomplished, because of lack of effective strategy and coordination, perhaps. One of the problems is that the request form cannot be sent online. Online requests must be part of the processes to eliminate the long delay in the requests. Online negotiation is effective in providing speed of delivery of service. This process can be enhanced through personal contact, i.e. the requesting party can conduct online and may have to appear to the officer concerned if need be. But important transactions can be conducted online. Even map requests and other information can be processed online, including payment. First the customer goes to the customer service to fill up the request form and inform the office of the requestââ¬â¢s rationale and the coverage area of the project or study. Then customer service sends this request to the Executive Director to register and send it to the division manager. Next, the division manager sends the request to the head of section, and the head of section assigns the task to an employee. When he has done this, the employee should submit the validated request to the head of section again for approval, until the customer obtains the request, finally. The customer has to wait for the long tedious process. The request form passes through several persons before it reaches the personnel/section he ad responsible for validating the request. The traditional method or process in our department is the old-fashioned way of delivering service to the people, because this has been the method we have been used to ever since I was employed by my department. There must be a way to deliver service without the unnecessary steps. This means we can shortcut the process without sacrificing the service quality and jeopardising organisational performance. This current strategy reflects the norms and community behavior of the people (Matthews Marzec 2012). In fact, it is part of our identity. We look at it as ingrained in our collective spirit, that is why it is difficult to modify but it is possible to improve. The workflow demonstrates that there is quality, although there is lack of it, and there has been no change for the past several years. The process is an ââ¬Ëold systemââ¬â¢. The managers and the government need political will to institute reforms. A simple IT application can sol ve the problem. IT application can simplify the process and total quality management can enhance effective and fast service delivery. The position of the two managers, the Executive Director and Division Director Manager, can be merged into one position. This practice demonstrates the ââ¬Ëold systemââ¬â¢. An OM theory worthy of note is the theory of production, which refers to inputs and outputs. Inputs produce outputs but various inputs can be used to produce several outputs. Inputs can be analysed to describe how costs and outputs are met and how to maximise outputs. The theory of production helps determine the value of the input-output processes (Gupta Boyd 2008). The principle behind this theory involves the introduction of utilities, and utilities refer to labor which in essence is production. Consequently, production is the making of inputs into products or services. In the context of the work area in question, the Spatial Data Division of the Abu Dhabi municipality, in puts do not necessarily mean tangible product but can be in the form of training, communication, and improvement or development of the website of the Abu Dhabi municipality, particularly the Spatial Data Division. A detailed evaluative investigation using the application of Operations Management analysis tools, theory, concepts and principles In the current process, the customer goes to the customer service to fill forms or requests. The process of validation is time-consuming. Before the request goes to the person responsible of validating or studying the request, the customer has to pass through the Executive Director and the Division Director Manager, then to the head of section, who passes the job to the head of unit. An employee is assigned to check on the request, and the job is checked by Quality Assurance. The paper trail goes back to the head of section and finally to the customer service. Additional inputs can produce good results or output for this division, which needs m ore coordination, communication and training of personnel in order to be effective, and to erase surplus, surplus in the form of personnel (who are doing nothing), or inadequate processes. The efficient use of time should be introduced in the division and not on accumulating more time before the customer gets his/her requests. Figure 4 Current Workflow The current workflow demonstrates that the request has to pass through the office of the Executive Director Manager and the Division Director Manager before it goes to the Head of Section and the Head of Unit. The steps involving the Executive Director and Division Director Manager can be eliminated, albeit temporary, because they still have to approve the request. But the approval should only be after the Head of Section and Head of Unit shall have done their part. The division needs more thinking and planning to make the processes more effective. The application of TQM, the theory of constraints, and supply chain management enables an organisation to have systems thinking, integration of the various functions, and a more horizontal structure. The operations manager will be able to introduce effective teams and participate in a collaborative decision making process with the team members (Gupta Boyd 2008, p. 991). In manufacturing, they have this just-in-time and the application of teams. JIT and effective teams can be done in my division. Service will then become very effective. Total quality management (TQM) is defined by Deming (as cited in Coman Romen, 1995, p. 1404) as ââ¬Ëconformance to requirements,ââ¬â¢ which means an office has to comply with the customersââ¬â¢ requests per the customersââ¬â¢ specifications and at the soonest possible time. ââ¬ËRequirementsââ¬â¢ means what the customers want. Coman and Romen (1995, p. 1404) adds that the difference between meeting the needs of the customers and following requirements hinder effective service. One of the reasons for lack of effective service being offered by an organisation is tradition. Tradition becomes the law which should be followed to the letter, and so quality service is sacrificed. Tradition is ingrained in the context of the Spatial Data Division and is very difficult to extract and heal. But, as they say, time will heal. It only needs for the managers and people behind the system, who are traditionalists themselves, to dispense with what they are used to doing routine and be acquainted with new principles and new technology, which are really indispensable in this age of globalisation and high-speed Internet. The division also needs total quality. TQ is a philosophy based on principles, practices, and techniques, which should focus on customers, continuous improvement, and teamwork. Each of the principles has several practices or activities that may collect information from customers and analyse processes. Techniques are also provided in applying the practices. Emphasis on customer needs, or customer f ocus, is the most important. The objective of satisfying customers is a basic requirement in total quality (TQ) and is a part of the organisationââ¬â¢s goal to design and provide products and services that meet customersââ¬â¢ needs (Dean Bowen 1994, p. 394). Another theory we can apply is system dynamics (Grà ¶ÃŸler, Thun, Milling 2008). System dynamics, which is further expounded at the conclusion of this paper, is a ââ¬Ëstructural theoryââ¬â¢ which can be applied to the structural problem that causes service delays in the Spatial Data Division transactions. This theory is based on a concept that ââ¬Ëthe structure of social systems is generally characterized by feedback loops, accumulation processes, and delays between cause and effectââ¬â¢ (Grà ¶ÃŸler, Thun, Milling, 2008, p. 374). System dynamics, which is comprised of conceptualisation and experiments, is integrated in many kinds of systems. It aims to design formal models and generate reaction for a c ertain period of time. System dynamics theories result in real-world objects which offer ââ¬Ëa lens to observe and to understand the represented system, but not a description of the total system or of all social systemsââ¬â¢ (Grà ¶ÃŸler, Thun, Milling, 2008, p. 374). Concepts in this theory are: feedback loops, accumulation processes, and delays between cause and effect. These concepts are all important in oprations management situations, most especially the Spatial Data Division. We can provide an example here. If in this organisation, we have to apply improvement program we can use the feedback loop which influences worker motivation. Improvement program decreases employee motivation since there are fears that employees are made redundant with a successful program already introduced (Grà ¶ÃŸler, Thun, Milling, 2008). Critical discussion and recommendations Since this is a government agency or department, the effective solution is to shorten the process and the waitin g time, and also avoid ââ¬Å"red tapeâ⬠. Red tape means unnecessary steps in the process of delivering service to the people who are the customers, and the process can also lead to corruption. This activity can be avoided by providing speed in the delivery of service, which is what the people in a democratic situation needs. Shortening the process does not mean bypassing department or section heads. The effective way is for the customer to fill up the request form in the office of Section Head who will validate the request for a project. If the section head approves the request, then the process of approval can start right up to the Executive Director. The process is reduced to two or three steps and may just take up to one day or a few hours to complete. If more studies are needed for the project, it may only take a short time before the request can be approved or denied. The website should be developed and improved, enhance the features by providing an interactive communicat ion between the department and the customers. The potential costs in not solving the problem are waste of time and resources involving taxpayersââ¬â¢ money. The cost of building a database such as this division is no easy feat. It involved government resources. Much more of these resources will be lost if changes are not provided in the soonest possible time. The office and the government as a whole will also lose its credibility and trust from the people. Some inferences of spatial data are still unknown and are in the process of verification (Fotheringham Brunsdon 2004). If these are not verified and investigated, they might forever be lost. Another practical solution to the problem of the Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi municipality is the application of Systems Dynamics. This is a method to show, replicate, and reproduce active systems, like our organisation which is just a division or department of the Abu Dhabi municipality. Brunswick (1956 as cited in Grà ¶ÃŸler, Th un, Milling, 2008, p. 374) formulated the ââ¬Ëlens theoryââ¬â¢ which states that ââ¬Ëtheories are like lenses that influence the perception of phenomenaââ¬â¢. System dynamics also refers to articles and journals with empirical evidence about the relationships of factors in social systems. The background for a certain system influences the future development of that system, which is characterised by time delays (Grà ¶ÃŸler, Thun, Milling, 2008). The ââ¬Ëproductââ¬â¢ in applying system dynamics theory and method to the parameters of the Spatial Data Division are, still, theories but they represent linkages between the objects as they become part of the real world. This means the result is improvement in service and the elimination of time delays in providing service. Good systems dynamics models are considered authentic representations of specific problems, for example, the improvement in the processes inside the Spatial Data Division. The application of Informa tion Technology (Geographic Information Systems) should be perfected to ensure and improve quality service. GIS provides a database for keeping, management, and recovery of higher volume of geographical statistics (Alkobaisi et al. 2012, p. 30). GIS is composed of layers or elements and the subject of the information data, for example roads and lands. Coordinates provide the relation of the layers, so that when layers are in the same coordinates, a relationship is established. Yu and Peuquet (2009) argued that ââ¬Ëobject, field, and timeââ¬â¢ are three basic elements for representation of surveyed environmental dynamics. The new GIS should be more than the current data-centred paradigm to detect geographic representation in a knowledge rich period. Figure 5 Proposed workflow In this proposed workflow, time and process are shortened. The customer who signs the request form at the customer service is directed to the head of section, with the Executive Manager Director and Divis ion Manager informed and their opinion being sought. At the same time, the paper trail goes to the head of unit who passes this to quality check and quality assurance and then back to the customer service. The process is already shortened. The division needs to work as a team, or formulate teams. In the current workflow, the system seems not working because the personnel are not members of a team. Work teams save time and allow the process to work for the customersââ¬â¢ needs and conform to their specifications. Communication is enhanced in the team. Effective communication will not allow flaws in the system, but it allows the system to flow for the team members to work for the success of the organisation and the customers. The Spatial Data Division personnel and managers need motivation through training and development. The team members have to experience continuous training to enhance their skill and capability. Training, capability building and motivation will harness their fu ll potential. The managers and the members working as a team will erase the ââ¬Ëboss and subordinateââ¬â¢ mindset and make this department successful in serving the people of Abu Dhabi and beyond. References Alkobaisi, S, Bai, W, VojtÃ"â"chovskà ½, P, Narayanappa, S 2012, ââ¬ËAn interactive framework for spatial joins: a statistical approach to data analysis in GISââ¬â¢, Geoinformatica, vol. 16, pp. 329-355, via EBSCOHOST database. Beyond.UK: big five 2013. Web. Coman, A. Ronen, B. 1995, ââ¬ËInformation technology in operations management: a theory-of-constraints approachââ¬â¢, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 1403-1415, via EBSCOHOST database. Dean, J Bowen, D 1994, ââ¬ËManagement theory and total quality: improving research and practice through theory developmentââ¬â¢, Academy of Management Review, vol. 19, no. 3, via ProQuest Research Library. Department of Municipal Affairs: Abu Dhabi city municipality 2014. Web. Foth eringham, A. Brunsdon, C 2004, ââ¬ËSome thoughts on inference in the analysis of spatial dataââ¬â¢, Internal Journal of Geographical Information Science, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 447-457, via EBSCOHOST database. Grà ¶ÃŸler, A, Thun, J, Milling, P 2008, ââ¬ËSystem dynamics as a structural theory in operations managementââ¬â¢, Production and Operations Management, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 373-384, via EBSCOHOST database. Gupta, M Boyd, L 2008, ââ¬ËTheory of constraints: a theory for operations managementââ¬â¢, International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 991-1012, via EBSCOHOST database. Matthews, R Marzec, P 2012, ââ¬ËSocial capital, a theory for operations management: a systematic review of the evidenceââ¬â¢, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 50, no. 24, pp. 7081-7099, via EBSCOHOST database. Slack, N, Brandon-Jones, A, Johnston, R, Betts, A 2013, Operations and process management: principles and practice for strategic impact (3rd edn), Pearson Ltd., London. Yu, C Peuquet, D 2009, ââ¬ËA geo agent-based framework for knowledge-oriented representation: embracing social rules in GISââ¬â¢, International Journal of Geographical Information Science, vol. 23, no. 7, pp. 923-960, via EBSCOHOST database. This essay on Spatial Data Division of Abu Dhabi Municipality was written and submitted by user Anderson Everett to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
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